青海可可西里无人区夏季温度分布特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张琳 《高原气象》1992,11(2):203-207

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An extreme value analysis of the flow of Burbage Brook     

J. H. Barrett 《Stochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics》1992,6(3):151-165

An extreme value analysis of the flow of Burbage Brook is carried out by modelling peaks over a high threshold. The aims are to illustrate recently developed statistical techniques and to report on interesting features of the flow of the brook over a 58-year period. Peak flows are found to show marked seasonal variation and a downward trend. Then-year return level is estimated for various values ofn, and the reliability of the estimates is assessed.  相似文献   

论边界层中的大气扩散PDF模式   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

徐大海  朱蓉  李宗恺 《气象学报》1997,55(6):670-680

基于大气扩散Ｋ理论，用作为风速脉动均方差和拉氏时间尺度函数的湍流交换系数，得到了直接利用风速脉动几率密度而不用扩散参数的大气扩散ＰＤＦ模式。分别研究了对流边界层上升气流区与下降区垂直速度的统计特征，求得双正态ＰＤＦ模式。在给定ＣＢＬ自身参数如对流特征速度ｗ＊，顶高ｈｉ和源高度上的平均风速时，该模式计算出的无量纲浓度分布与室内外测试结果一致。  相似文献   

The Natural Probability Distribution of Load and Unload Response Ratio     

Chen Qifu  Yin Xiangchu  and Ma LiCenter for Analysis  Prediction  SSB  Beijing  China 《中国地震研究》1997,(1)

In this paper,the Gutenberg-Richter model is used to generate seismic events.The events that satisfy the random distribution are also generated.With those events,the natural probability distribution of Load and Unload Response Ratio(LURR),which measures quantitatively the degree of instability of a nonlinear system,is discussed.The study is based on stress energy release,which is chosen as the response of nonlinear system F3.The comparative results from the observation catalogue and generating data are also studied.It is revealed that the natural probability of LURR is mostly stable when the sample number is sufficient.The lower the natural probability of LURR,the more the precursory is information it may contain.The influence of Y3 resulting from the sample number and the magnitude range of events is also discussed.  相似文献   

非洲Muglad多旋回陆内被动裂谷盆地演化及其控油气作用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张光亚  黄彤飞  刘计国  余朝华  赵岩  刘爱香  客伟利  王彦奇 《岩石学报》2019,35(4):1194-1212

非洲Muglad盆地经历多旋回陆内被动裂谷发育与叠合演化历史,具有不同于主动裂谷盆地、单旋回被动裂谷盆地以及跨越多个变革期的叠合盆地的演化特征。本文采用叠合盆地研究思路与方法,通过盆地演化过程中关键构造事件识别、盆地演化阶段划分,恢复和重建了各阶段原型盆地;基于不同期次裂谷作用发育程度、叠加过程及叠加方式的时空差异性,划分了不同凹陷的叠合类型,建立了不同叠合类型凹陷油气成藏模式。研究结果表明,受冈瓦纳大陆裂解、非洲大陆周缘大西洋、印度洋、红海张裂等构造事件的影响,该盆地经历了早白垩世Abu Gabra组(简称AG组,下同)沉积期、晚白垩世Darfur群沉积期以及新生代Nayil-Tendi组沉积期三大同裂谷作用阶段。早白垩世盆地原型为多个地堑及半地堑分隔式分布,为与大西洋张开有关的伸展应力场作用产物;晚白垩世Darfur群沉积时期盆地原型为地堑及半地堑继承发育,但沉积中心东移,为与印度洋张开有关的伸展应力场作用产物;新生代Nayil-Tendi组沉积时期原型盆地主要为发育在Kaikang坳陷的地堑、半地堑,为与红海张开有关的伸展应力场作用所致。依据三期裂谷作用在各凹陷的发育程度差异及构造沉降和沉积充填过程的不同,将各凹陷裂谷叠合方式划分为早断型、继承型与活动型三种类型。其中,早断型以Sufyan凹陷最为典型,其构造沉降与沉积充填具有"强-弱-更弱"特征;继承型以Fula凹陷最为典型,其构造沉降与沉积充填具有"强-较强-弱"特征,而活动型以Kaikang坳陷最为典型,其构造沉降与沉积充填具有"强-强-较强"的特征。三期裂谷作用在各凹陷内时空叠合差异控制了各凹陷油气成藏条件及富集规律的不同,早断型凹陷成藏组合以下部成藏组合为主,继承型则以中部成藏组合为主,而活动型凹陷则以上部成藏组合为主。这些多期叠加型被动裂谷盆地研究成果丰富了全球裂谷盆地构造特征与演化及其控油气作用的认识,深化了该类裂谷盆地油气分布规律研究,对于指导下一步勘探部署有重要借鉴意义。  相似文献   

Habitat preference and locomotive traits of the Japanese mitten crab Eriocheir japonica within the stream unit of the freshwater river environment     

《Limnologica》2021

Preferences by the Japanese mitten crab Eriocheir japonica of three mesoscale environments within a river unit (pools, riffles and runs) were investigated in a freshwater river by pot fishing and hand-net collecting during the fall. In addition, E. japonica’s life modes during each growth stage were elucidated by comparing data obtained by hand-net collecting into three size groups (20 mm < CW, 20 mm ≤ CW < 40 mm, and 40 mm ≤ CW). Both the number of crabs caught per pot and per 10 m stretch sampled along the river by hand-net collecting indicated that mean catch values varied in the following manner runs < pools < riffles, and that this variation was large in riffles and small in pools and runs. Only large crabs of 40 mm ≤ CW could be collected by pot fishing; in contrast, small juveniles were only caught by hand-net collecting. Results of the hand-net collecting indicated that small juveniles (CW < 20 mm) preferred to be in riffles, while the mid-size class crabs (20 – 40 mm CW) presence in the riffles decreased and once they became adults (40 mm ≤ CW) they chose to be in pools. In all size classes, runs were not a preferred choice. These results suggest that the small juveniles are oriented by their positive rheotaxis. Their movement is probably affected by flow regimes, creating large variations in their density in the riffles. In contrast, adults can freely move within a stream unit and use pools as their resting site, thus they are steadily captured in large numbers with a small variation in the pools by pot fishing. However, the adults can actively wander around riffles and runs, searching for animal food, and are attracted to the riffles by bait odors depending on the water flow. Therefore, the most effective catching method is to set the pots in riffles when the river is swollen.  相似文献   

我国南方冬季气候变暖前后极端降水事件分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

智协飞  张玲  潘嘉露 《热带气象学报》2011,27(2):166-172

利用我国南方逐日降水资料及逐月温度资料,采用Mann-Kendall突变检验方法,并计算极端降水的GPD(Generalized Pareto Distribution)重现值,讨论了气候变暖前后我国南方冬季极端降水事件的变化。结果表明,我国南方冬季气候变暖的突变发生在1991年前后,且气候变暖后我国南方冬季的极端降水强度普遍有所增加。利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料进一步分析气候变暖前后的环流场特征,发现东亚热带冬季风异常与我国华南、江南地区降水异常有显著的相关关系。东亚热带冬季风偏强(弱),华南、江南地区降水偏少(多)。气候变暖后中高纬度环流经向度加大,有利于北方的冷空气向南输送。此外,气候变暖后我国南方地面气温升高,海陆热力差异减小,东亚热带冬季风减弱,有利于西太平洋的暖湿气流向我国大陆东南部输送,并在东南部形成异常的水汽通量辐合,有利于形成强降水。气候变暖后,中高纬度与中低纬度异常环流系统的相互作用是我国东南部降水强度增加的主要原因。  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地古隆起的分布与基本特征   总被引：56，自引：16，他引：40  

何登发  翟光明  况军  张义杰  石昕 《地质科学》2005,40(2):248-261,304

准噶尔盆地外侧三大边界动力体系的作用及基底结构的差异性导致准噶尔盆地在不同地质时期发育不同性质的隆起构造。石炭纪晚期东北侧的造山作用形成了盆地北部隆起,晚二叠世北部隆起分异为陆梁隆起与乌伦古坳陷;早二叠世西北侧的造山作用形成了车排子隆起,随后的冲断作用形成了克拉玛依--夏子街断裂带。燕山期的压扭作用形成了沉积盖层中的车排子--莫索湾隆起。新生代北天山向北的冲断作用导致准噶尔盆地南部地区急剧挠曲沉降,盆地向南掀斜,隆起向北迁移。据基底的性质、形成时间、活动方式、地质结构与保存状态等特点将准噶尔盆地的隆起划分为继承型、间断型、掀斜型与冲断带型等4种基本类型。  相似文献   

郯庐断裂带(安徽段)对地表水系空间分布形态的影响研究          下载免费PDF全文

钱家忠  卫佳佳  姜琼  郑勇  赵卫东 《地质科学》2019,54(2):398-410

为了研究郯庐断裂带(安徽段)构造活动对其周边地表水系形态及其发育特征的影响,本文基于DEM数据,利用GIS空间分析功能并结合郯庐断裂带构造运动特征,对郯庐断裂带(安徽段)周边水系的几何分布特征进行研究。研究表明:郯庐断裂带(安徽段)在不同地质历史时期对区内地表水系产生错动影响。受郯庐断裂三叠纪到白垩纪期间左旋走滑运动影响,两条二级水系在大别山区自西北向东南流经郯庐主干断裂及次级断裂时与断裂呈近似直角相交并发生左旋错动。大别山地区的皖河流域与华阳河流域水系受郯庐断裂第四纪以来逆右行平移运动影响流向由东南向同步大幅度拐向南西,表现为右旋扭错;巢湖流域水系受五河—合肥断裂和石门山断裂影响也出现了右旋位错。此外,受郯庐断裂带构造运动形成的合肥盆地和地堑式嘉山盆地的影响,池河的主河道沿合肥盆地东侧的沉降带和石门山断裂与嘉庐断裂之间的嘉山盆地发育。  相似文献   

珠三角沿海地区土壤硒的来源和富集成因初探     

邱啸飞 《华南地质与矿产》2019,35(4):441-448

本文总结了珠三角沿海地区土壤硒含量的分布特征及其与成土母质的关系,探讨了该区域土壤中硒的来源及富集影响因素,提出珠三角地区土壤富硒是亚热带季风性气候湿热条件下花岗岩类强烈化学风化和富集改造的结果,土壤富硒作用的实质是杂质元素从成土母质中大量活化并分离移出,从而使硒元素发生相对富集的过程。本文对珠三角沿海地区土壤硒富集规律的总结显示该地区硒资源具有巨大潜力,具有广阔的开发富硒资源前景。  相似文献